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-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-#
-# Cipher/blockalgo.py
-#
-# ===================================================================
-# The contents of this file are dedicated to the public domain. To
-# the extent that dedication to the public domain is not available,
-# everyone is granted a worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free,
-# non-exclusive license to exercise all rights associated with the
-# contents of this file for any purpose whatsoever.
-# No rights are reserved.
-#
-# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
-# BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
-# ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
-# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-# SOFTWARE.
-# ===================================================================
-"""Module with definitions common to all block ciphers."""
-
-import sys
-if sys.version_info[0] == 2 and sys.version_info[1] == 1:
- from Crypto.Util.py21compat import *
-from Crypto.Util.py3compat import *
-
-#: *Electronic Code Book (ECB)*.
-#: This is the simplest encryption mode. Each of the plaintext blocks
-#: is directly encrypted into a ciphertext block, independently of
-#: any other block. This mode exposes frequency of symbols
-#: in your plaintext. Other modes (e.g. *CBC*) should be used instead.
-#:
-#: See `NIST SP800-38A`_ , Section 6.1 .
-#:
-#: .. _`NIST SP800-38A` : http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf
-MODE_ECB = 1
-
-#: *Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC)*. Each of the ciphertext blocks depends
-#: on the current and all previous plaintext blocks. An Initialization Vector
-#: (*IV*) is required.
-#:
-#: The *IV* is a data block to be transmitted to the receiver.
-#: The *IV* can be made public, but it must be authenticated by the receiver and
-#: it should be picked randomly.
-#:
-#: See `NIST SP800-38A`_ , Section 6.2 .
-#:
-#: .. _`NIST SP800-38A` : http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf
-MODE_CBC = 2
-
-#: *Cipher FeedBack (CFB)*. This mode is similar to CBC, but it transforms
-#: the underlying block cipher into a stream cipher. Plaintext and ciphertext
-#: are processed in *segments* of **s** bits. The mode is therefore sometimes
-#: labelled **s**-bit CFB. An Initialization Vector (*IV*) is required.
-#:
-#: When encrypting, each ciphertext segment contributes to the encryption of
-#: the next plaintext segment.
-#:
-#: This *IV* is a data block to be transmitted to the receiver.
-#: The *IV* can be made public, but it should be picked randomly.
-#: Reusing the same *IV* for encryptions done with the same key lead to
-#: catastrophic cryptographic failures.
-#:
-#: See `NIST SP800-38A`_ , Section 6.3 .
-#:
-#: .. _`NIST SP800-38A` : http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf
-MODE_CFB = 3
-
-#: This mode should not be used.
-MODE_PGP = 4
-
-#: *Output FeedBack (OFB)*. This mode is very similar to CBC, but it
-#: transforms the underlying block cipher into a stream cipher.
-#: The keystream is the iterated block encryption of an Initialization Vector (*IV*).
-#:
-#: The *IV* is a data block to be transmitted to the receiver.
-#: The *IV* can be made public, but it should be picked randomly.
-#:
-#: Reusing the same *IV* for encryptions done with the same key lead to
-#: catastrophic cryptograhic failures.
-#:
-#: See `NIST SP800-38A`_ , Section 6.4 .
-#:
-#: .. _`NIST SP800-38A` : http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf
-MODE_OFB = 5
-
-#: *CounTeR (CTR)*. This mode is very similar to ECB, in that
-#: encryption of one block is done independently of all other blocks.
-#: Unlike ECB, the block *position* contributes to the encryption and no
-#: information leaks about symbol frequency.
-#:
-#: Each message block is associated to a *counter* which must be unique
-#: across all messages that get encrypted with the same key (not just within
-#: the same message). The counter is as big as the block size.
-#:
-#: Counters can be generated in several ways. The most straightword one is
-#: to choose an *initial counter block* (which can be made public, similarly
-#: to the *IV* for the other modes) and increment its lowest **m** bits by
-#: one (modulo *2^m*) for each block. In most cases, **m** is chosen to be half
-#: the block size.
-#:
-#: Reusing the same *initial counter block* for encryptions done with the same
-#: key lead to catastrophic cryptograhic failures.
-#:
-#: See `NIST SP800-38A`_ , Section 6.5 (for the mode) and Appendix B (for how
-#: to manage the *initial counter block*).
-#:
-#: .. _`NIST SP800-38A` : http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf
-MODE_CTR = 6
-
-#: OpenPGP. This mode is a variant of CFB, and it is only used in PGP and OpenPGP_ applications.
-#: An Initialization Vector (*IV*) is required.
-#:
-#: Unlike CFB, the IV is not transmitted to the receiver. Instead, the *encrypted* IV is.
-#: The IV is a random data block. Two of its bytes are duplicated to act as a checksum
-#: for the correctness of the key. The encrypted IV is therefore 2 bytes longer than
-#: the clean IV.
-#:
-#: .. _OpenPGP: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4880
-MODE_OPENPGP = 7
-
-def _getParameter(name, index, args, kwargs, default=None):
- """Find a parameter in tuple and dictionary arguments a function receives"""
- param = kwargs.get(name)
- if len(args)>index:
- if param:
- raise ValueError("Parameter '%s' is specified twice" % name)
- param = args[index]
- return param or default
-
-class BlockAlgo:
- """Class modelling an abstract block cipher."""
-
- def __init__(self, factory, key, *args, **kwargs):
- self.mode = _getParameter('mode', 0, args, kwargs, default=MODE_ECB)
- self.block_size = factory.block_size
-
- if self.mode != MODE_OPENPGP:
- self._cipher = factory.new(key, *args, **kwargs)
- self.IV = self._cipher.IV
- else:
- # OPENPGP mode. For details, see 13.9 in RCC4880.
- #
- # A few members are specifically created for this mode:
- # - _encrypted_iv, set in this constructor
- # - _done_first_block, set to True after the first encryption
- # - _done_last_block, set to True after a partial block is processed
-
- self._done_first_block = False
- self._done_last_block = False
- self.IV = _getParameter('iv', 1, args, kwargs)
- if not self.IV:
- raise ValueError("MODE_OPENPGP requires an IV")
-
- # Instantiate a temporary cipher to process the IV
- IV_cipher = factory.new(key, MODE_CFB,
- b('\x00')*self.block_size, # IV for CFB
- segment_size=self.block_size*8)
-
- # The cipher will be used for...
- if len(self.IV) == self.block_size:
- # ... encryption
- self._encrypted_IV = IV_cipher.encrypt(
- self.IV + self.IV[-2:] + # Plaintext
- b('\x00')*(self.block_size-2) # Padding
- )[:self.block_size+2]
- elif len(self.IV) == self.block_size+2:
- # ... decryption
- self._encrypted_IV = self.IV
- self.IV = IV_cipher.decrypt(self.IV + # Ciphertext
- b('\x00')*(self.block_size-2) # Padding
- )[:self.block_size+2]
- if self.IV[-2:] != self.IV[-4:-2]:
- raise ValueError("Failed integrity check for OPENPGP IV")
- self.IV = self.IV[:-2]
- else:
- raise ValueError("Length of IV must be %d or %d bytes for MODE_OPENPGP"
- % (self.block_size, self.block_size+2))
-
- # Instantiate the cipher for the real PGP data
- self._cipher = factory.new(key, MODE_CFB,
- self._encrypted_IV[-self.block_size:],
- segment_size=self.block_size*8)
-
- def encrypt(self, plaintext):
- """Encrypt data with the key and the parameters set at initialization.
-
- The cipher object is stateful; encryption of a long block
- of data can be broken up in two or more calls to `encrypt()`.
- That is, the statement:
-
- >>> c.encrypt(a) + c.encrypt(b)
-
- is always equivalent to:
-
- >>> c.encrypt(a+b)
-
- That also means that you cannot reuse an object for encrypting
- or decrypting other data with the same key.
-
- This function does not perform any padding.
-
- - For `MODE_ECB`, `MODE_CBC`, and `MODE_OFB`, *plaintext* length
- (in bytes) must be a multiple of *block_size*.
-
- - For `MODE_CFB`, *plaintext* length (in bytes) must be a multiple
- of *segment_size*/8.
-
- - For `MODE_CTR`, *plaintext* can be of any length.
-
- - For `MODE_OPENPGP`, *plaintext* must be a multiple of *block_size*,
- unless it is the last chunk of the message.
-
- :Parameters:
- plaintext : byte string
- The piece of data to encrypt.
- :Return:
- the encrypted data, as a byte string. It is as long as
- *plaintext* with one exception: when encrypting the first message
- chunk with `MODE_OPENPGP`, the encypted IV is prepended to the
- returned ciphertext.
- """
-
- if self.mode == MODE_OPENPGP:
- padding_length = (self.block_size - len(plaintext) % self.block_size) % self.block_size
- if padding_length>0:
- # CFB mode requires ciphertext to have length multiple of block size,
- # but PGP mode allows the last block to be shorter
- if self._done_last_block:
- raise ValueError("Only the last chunk is allowed to have length not multiple of %d bytes",
- self.block_size)
- self._done_last_block = True
- padded = plaintext + b('\x00')*padding_length
- res = self._cipher.encrypt(padded)[:len(plaintext)]
- else:
- res = self._cipher.encrypt(plaintext)
- if not self._done_first_block:
- res = self._encrypted_IV + res
- self._done_first_block = True
- return res
-
- return self._cipher.encrypt(plaintext)
-
- def decrypt(self, ciphertext):
- """Decrypt data with the key and the parameters set at initialization.
-
- The cipher object is stateful; decryption of a long block
- of data can be broken up in two or more calls to `decrypt()`.
- That is, the statement:
-
- >>> c.decrypt(a) + c.decrypt(b)
-
- is always equivalent to:
-
- >>> c.decrypt(a+b)
-
- That also means that you cannot reuse an object for encrypting
- or decrypting other data with the same key.
-
- This function does not perform any padding.
-
- - For `MODE_ECB`, `MODE_CBC`, and `MODE_OFB`, *ciphertext* length
- (in bytes) must be a multiple of *block_size*.
-
- - For `MODE_CFB`, *ciphertext* length (in bytes) must be a multiple
- of *segment_size*/8.
-
- - For `MODE_CTR`, *ciphertext* can be of any length.
-
- - For `MODE_OPENPGP`, *plaintext* must be a multiple of *block_size*,
- unless it is the last chunk of the message.
-
- :Parameters:
- ciphertext : byte string
- The piece of data to decrypt.
- :Return: the decrypted data (byte string, as long as *ciphertext*).
- """
- if self.mode == MODE_OPENPGP:
- padding_length = (self.block_size - len(ciphertext) % self.block_size) % self.block_size
- if padding_length>0:
- # CFB mode requires ciphertext to have length multiple of block size,
- # but PGP mode allows the last block to be shorter
- if self._done_last_block:
- raise ValueError("Only the last chunk is allowed to have length not multiple of %d bytes",
- self.block_size)
- self._done_last_block = True
- padded = ciphertext + b('\x00')*padding_length
- res = self._cipher.decrypt(padded)[:len(ciphertext)]
- else:
- res = self._cipher.decrypt(ciphertext)
- return res
-
- return self._cipher.decrypt(ciphertext)
-