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+#
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Pavol Rusnak
+# Copyright (c) 2017 mruddy
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+# this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+# the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+# use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+# of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+# so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+# WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+import binascii
+import bisect
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import itertools
+import os
+import sys
+import unicodedata
+
+PBKDF2_ROUNDS = 2048
+
+
+class ConfigurationError(Exception):
+ pass
+
+
+# From <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/212358/binary-search-bisection-in-python/2233940#2233940>
+def binary_search(a, x, lo=0, hi=None): # can't use a to specify default for hi
+ hi = hi if hi is not None else len(a) # hi defaults to len(a)
+ pos = bisect.bisect_left(a, x, lo, hi) # find insertion position
+ return pos if pos != hi and a[pos] == x else -1 # don't walk off the end
+
+
+# Refactored code segments from <https://github.com/keis/base58>
+def b58encode(v):
+ alphabet = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+
+ p, acc = 1, 0
+ for c in reversed(v):
+ if sys.version < "3":
+ c = ord(c)
+ acc += p * c
+ p = p << 8
+
+ string = ""
+ while acc:
+ acc, idx = divmod(acc, 58)
+ string = alphabet[idx : idx + 1] + string
+ return string
+
+
+class Mnemonic(object):
+ def __init__(self, language):
+ self.radix = 2048
+ if sys.version < "3":
+ with open("%s/%s.txt" % (self._get_directory(), language), "r") as f:
+ self.wordlist = [w.strip().decode("utf8") for w in f.readlines()]
+ else:
+ with open(
+ "%s/%s.txt" % (self._get_directory(), language), "r", encoding="utf-8"
+ ) as f:
+ self.wordlist = [w.strip() for w in f.readlines()]
+ if len(self.wordlist) != self.radix:
+ raise ConfigurationError(
+ "Wordlist should contain %d words, but it contains %d words."
+ % (self.radix, len(self.wordlist))
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def _get_directory(cls):
+ return os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "wordlist")
+
+ @classmethod
+ def list_languages(cls):
+ return [
+ f.split(".")[0]
+ for f in os.listdir(cls._get_directory())
+ if f.endswith(".txt")
+ ]
+
+ @classmethod
+ def normalize_string(cls, txt):
+ if isinstance(txt, str if sys.version < "3" else bytes):
+ utxt = txt.decode("utf8")
+ elif isinstance(txt, unicode if sys.version < "3" else str): # noqa: F821
+ utxt = txt
+ else:
+ raise TypeError("String value expected")
+
+ return unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", utxt)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def detect_language(cls, code):
+ code = cls.normalize_string(code)
+ first = code.split(" ")[0]
+ languages = cls.list_languages()
+
+ for lang in languages:
+ mnemo = cls(lang)
+ if first in mnemo.wordlist:
+ return lang
+
+ raise ConfigurationError("Language not detected")
+
+ def generate(self, strength=128):
+ if strength not in [128, 160, 192, 224, 256]:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Strength should be one of the following [128, 160, 192, 224, 256], but it is not (%d)."
+ % strength
+ )
+ return self.to_mnemonic(os.urandom(strength // 8))
+
+ # Adapted from <http://tinyurl.com/oxmn476>
+ def to_entropy(self, words):
+ if not isinstance(words, list):
+ words = words.split(" ")
+ if len(words) not in [12, 15, 18, 21, 24]:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Number of words must be one of the following: [12, 15, 18, 21, 24], but it is not (%d)."
+ % len(words)
+ )
+ # Look up all the words in the list and construct the
+ # concatenation of the original entropy and the checksum.
+ concatLenBits = len(words) * 11
+ concatBits = [False] * concatLenBits
+ wordindex = 0
+ if self.detect_language(" ".join(words)) == "english":
+ use_binary_search = True
+ else:
+ use_binary_search = False
+ for word in words:
+ # Find the words index in the wordlist
+ ndx = (
+ binary_search(self.wordlist, word)
+ if use_binary_search
+ else self.wordlist.index(word)
+ )
+ if ndx < 0:
+ raise LookupError('Unable to find "%s" in word list.' % word)
+ # Set the next 11 bits to the value of the index.
+ for ii in range(11):
+ concatBits[(wordindex * 11) + ii] = (ndx & (1 << (10 - ii))) != 0
+ wordindex += 1
+ checksumLengthBits = concatLenBits // 33
+ entropyLengthBits = concatLenBits - checksumLengthBits
+ # Extract original entropy as bytes.
+ entropy = bytearray(entropyLengthBits // 8)
+ for ii in range(len(entropy)):
+ for jj in range(8):
+ if concatBits[(ii * 8) + jj]:
+ entropy[ii] |= 1 << (7 - jj)
+ # Take the digest of the entropy.
+ hashBytes = hashlib.sha256(entropy).digest()
+ if sys.version < "3":
+ hashBits = list(
+ itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+ (
+ [ord(c) & (1 << (7 - i)) != 0 for i in range(8)]
+ for c in hashBytes
+ )
+ )
+ )
+ else:
+ hashBits = list(
+ itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+ ([c & (1 << (7 - i)) != 0 for i in range(8)] for c in hashBytes)
+ )
+ )
+ # Check all the checksum bits.
+ for i in range(checksumLengthBits):
+ if concatBits[entropyLengthBits + i] != hashBits[i]:
+ raise ValueError("Failed checksum.")
+ return entropy
+
+ def to_mnemonic(self, data):
+ if len(data) not in [16, 20, 24, 28, 32]:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Data length should be one of the following: [16, 20, 24, 28, 32], but it is not (%d)."
+ % len(data)
+ )
+ h = hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()
+ b = (
+ bin(int(binascii.hexlify(data), 16))[2:].zfill(len(data) * 8)
+ + bin(int(h, 16))[2:].zfill(256)[: len(data) * 8 // 32]
+ )
+ result = []
+ for i in range(len(b) // 11):
+ idx = int(b[i * 11 : (i + 1) * 11], 2)
+ result.append(self.wordlist[idx])
+ if (
+ self.detect_language(" ".join(result)) == "japanese"
+ ): # Japanese must be joined by ideographic space.
+ result_phrase = u"\u3000".join(result)
+ else:
+ result_phrase = " ".join(result)
+ return result_phrase
+
+ def check(self, mnemonic):
+ mnemonic = self.normalize_string(mnemonic).split(" ")
+ # list of valid mnemonic lengths
+ if len(mnemonic) not in [12, 15, 18, 21, 24]:
+ return False
+ try:
+ idx = map(lambda x: bin(self.wordlist.index(x))[2:].zfill(11), mnemonic)
+ b = "".join(idx)
+ except ValueError:
+ return False
+ l = len(b) # noqa: E741
+ d = b[: l // 33 * 32]
+ h = b[-l // 33 :]
+ nd = binascii.unhexlify(hex(int(d, 2))[2:].rstrip("L").zfill(l // 33 * 8))
+ nh = bin(int(hashlib.sha256(nd).hexdigest(), 16))[2:].zfill(256)[: l // 33]
+ return h == nh
+
+ def expand_word(self, prefix):
+ if prefix in self.wordlist:
+ return prefix
+ else:
+ matches = [word for word in self.wordlist if word.startswith(prefix)]
+ if len(matches) == 1: # matched exactly one word in the wordlist
+ return matches[0]
+ else:
+ # exact match not found.
+ # this is not a validation routine, just return the input
+ return prefix
+
+ def expand(self, mnemonic):
+ return " ".join(map(self.expand_word, mnemonic.split(" ")))
+
+ @classmethod
+ def to_seed(cls, mnemonic, passphrase=""):
+ mnemonic = cls.normalize_string(mnemonic)
+ passphrase = cls.normalize_string(passphrase)
+ passphrase = "mnemonic" + passphrase
+ mnemonic = mnemonic.encode("utf-8")
+ passphrase = passphrase.encode("utf-8")
+ stretched = hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac("sha512", mnemonic, passphrase, PBKDF2_ROUNDS)
+ return stretched[:64]
+
+ @classmethod
+ def to_hd_master_key(cls, seed):
+ if len(seed) != 64:
+ raise ValueError("Provided seed should have length of 64")
+
+ # Compute HMAC-SHA512 of seed
+ seed = hmac.new(b"Bitcoin seed", seed, digestmod=hashlib.sha512).digest()
+
+ # Serialization format can be found at: https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0032.mediawiki#Serialization_format
+ xprv = b"\x04\x88\xad\xe4" # Version for private mainnet
+ xprv += b"\x00" * 9 # Depth, parent fingerprint, and child number
+ xprv += seed[32:] # Chain code
+ xprv += b"\x00" + seed[:32] # Master key
+
+ # Double hash using SHA256
+ hashed_xprv = hashlib.sha256(xprv).digest()
+ hashed_xprv = hashlib.sha256(hashed_xprv).digest()
+
+ # Append 4 bytes of checksum
+ xprv += hashed_xprv[:4]
+
+ # Return base58
+ return b58encode(xprv)
+
+
+def main():
+ import binascii
+ import sys
+
+ if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+ data = sys.argv[1]
+ else:
+ data = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
+ data = binascii.unhexlify(data)
+ m = Mnemonic("english")
+ print(m.to_mnemonic(data))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ main()