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+#ifndef _CPPROMISE_HPP
+#define _CPPROMISE_HPP
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
+#include <any>
+#include <functional>
+
+/** Implement type-safe Promise primitives similar to the ones specified by
+ * Javascript A+. */
+namespace promise {
+ using std::function;
+ using pm_any_t = std::any;
+ using None = std::nullptr_t;
+ using values_t = std::vector<pm_any_t>;
+ const auto none = nullptr;
+ const auto do_nothing = [](){};
+
+ class Promise;
+ class promise_t {
+ std::shared_ptr<Promise> ptr;
+ public:
+ promise_t(function<void(promise_t)> callback) {
+ ptr = std::make_shared<Promise>();
+ callback(*this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename T> inline void resolve(T result) const;
+ template<typename T> inline void reject(T reason) const;
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F = pm_any_t, typename R_, typename R = pm_any_t>
+ inline promise_t then(function<F_(pm_any_t)> fulfilled_callback,
+ function<R_(pm_any_t)> rejected_callback) const;
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F = pm_any_t>
+ inline promise_t then(function<F_(pm_any_t)> fulfilled_callback) const;
+
+ template<typename R_, typename R = pm_any_t>
+ inline promise_t fail(function<R_(pm_any_t)> rejected_callback) const;
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F>
+ inline promise_t then(function<F_(F)> on_fulfilled) const;
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F, typename R_, typename R>
+ inline promise_t then(function<F_(F)> on_fulfilled, function<R_(R)> on_rejected) const;
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F>
+ inline promise_t fail(function<F_(F)> on_fulfilled) const;
+ };
+
+#define PROMISE_ERR_INVALID_STATE do {throw std::runtime_error("invalid promise state");} while (0)
+#define PROMISE_ERR_MISMATCH_TYPE do {throw std::runtime_error("mismatching promise value types");} while (0)
+
+ class Promise {
+ function<void()> fulfilled_callback;
+ function<void()> rejected_callback;
+ enum class State {
+ Pending,
+ Fulfilled,
+ Rejected,
+ } state;
+ pm_any_t result;
+ pm_any_t reason;
+
+ void add_on_fulfilled(function<void()> cb) {
+ auto old_cbs = fulfilled_callback;
+ fulfilled_callback = function<void()>(
+ [cb, old_cbs]() {
+ old_cbs();
+ cb();
+ });
+ }
+
+ void add_on_rejected(function<void()> cb) {
+ auto old_cbs = rejected_callback;
+ rejected_callback = function<void()>(
+ [cb, old_cbs]() {
+ old_cbs();
+ cb();
+ });
+ }
+
+ function<void()> gen_on_fulfilled(
+ function<promise_t(pm_any_t)> on_fulfilled,
+ const promise_t &npm) {
+ return [this, on_fulfilled, npm]() {
+ on_fulfilled(result).then(
+ function<None(pm_any_t)>([npm] (pm_any_t result_) {
+ npm.resolve(result_);
+ return none;
+ }),
+ function<None(pm_any_t)>([npm] (pm_any_t reason_) {
+ npm.reject(reason_);
+ return none;
+ }));
+ };
+ }
+
+ function<void()> gen_on_fulfilled(
+ function<pm_any_t(pm_any_t)> on_fulfilled,
+ const promise_t &npm) {
+ return [this, on_fulfilled, npm]() {
+ npm.resolve(on_fulfilled(result));
+ };
+ }
+
+ function<void()> gen_on_rejected(
+ function<promise_t(pm_any_t)> on_rejected,
+ const promise_t &npm) {
+ return [this, on_rejected, npm]() {
+ on_rejected(reason).then(
+ function<None(pm_any_t)>([npm] (pm_any_t result_) {
+ npm.resolve(result_);
+ return none;
+ }),
+ function<None(pm_any_t)>([npm] (pm_any_t reason_) {
+ npm.reject(reason_);
+ return none;
+ }));
+ };
+ }
+
+ function<void()> gen_on_rejected(
+ function<pm_any_t(pm_any_t)> on_rejected,
+ const promise_t &npm) {
+ return [this, on_rejected, npm]() {
+ npm.reject(on_rejected(reason));
+ };
+ }
+
+ public:
+
+ Promise():
+ fulfilled_callback(do_nothing),
+ rejected_callback(do_nothing),
+ state(State::Pending) {
+ //printf("%lx constructed\n", (uintptr_t)this);
+ }
+
+ ~Promise() {
+ //printf("%lx freed\n", (uintptr_t)this);
+ }
+
+ template<typename OnFulfilled, typename OnRejected>
+ promise_t then(function<OnFulfilled(pm_any_t)> on_fulfilled,
+ function<OnRejected(pm_any_t)> on_rejected) {
+ switch (state)
+ {
+ case State::Pending:
+ return promise_t([this, on_fulfilled, on_rejected](promise_t npm) {
+ add_on_fulfilled(gen_on_fulfilled(on_fulfilled, npm));
+ add_on_rejected(gen_on_rejected(on_rejected, npm));
+ });
+ case State::Fulfilled:
+ return promise_t([this, on_fulfilled](promise_t npm) {
+ gen_on_fulfilled(on_fulfilled, npm)();
+ });
+ case State::Rejected:
+ return promise_t([this, on_rejected](promise_t npm) {
+ gen_on_rejected(on_rejected, npm)();
+ });
+ default: PROMISE_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+ }
+ }
+
+ template<typename OnFulfilled>
+ promise_t then(function<OnFulfilled(pm_any_t)> on_fulfilled) {
+ switch (state)
+ {
+ case State::Pending:
+ return promise_t([this, on_fulfilled](promise_t npm) {
+ add_on_fulfilled(gen_on_fulfilled(on_fulfilled, npm));
+ add_on_rejected([this, npm]() {npm.reject(reason);});
+ });
+ case State::Fulfilled:
+ return promise_t([this, on_fulfilled](promise_t npm) {
+ gen_on_fulfilled(on_fulfilled, npm)();
+ });
+ case State::Rejected:
+ return promise_t([](promise_t npm) {});
+ default: PROMISE_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+ }
+ }
+
+ template<typename OnRejected>
+ promise_t fail(function<OnRejected(pm_any_t)> on_rejected) {
+ switch (state)
+ {
+ case State::Pending:
+ return promise_t([this, on_rejected](promise_t npm) {
+ add_on_rejected(gen_on_rejected(on_rejected, npm));
+ add_on_fulfilled([this, npm]() {npm.resolve(result);});
+ });
+ case State::Fulfilled:
+ return promise_t([](promise_t npm) {});
+ case State::Rejected:
+ return promise_t([this, on_rejected](promise_t npm) {
+ add_on_rejected(gen_on_rejected(on_rejected, npm));
+ });
+ default: PROMISE_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+ }
+ }
+
+ void resolve(pm_any_t _result) {
+ switch (state)
+ {
+ case State::Pending:
+ result = _result;
+ state = State::Fulfilled;
+ fulfilled_callback();
+ break;
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ void reject(pm_any_t _reason) {
+ switch (state)
+ {
+ case State::Pending:
+ reason = _reason;
+ state = State::Rejected;
+ rejected_callback();
+ break;
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+
+ template<typename PList> promise_t all(PList promise_list) {
+ auto size = std::make_shared<size_t>(promise_list.size());
+ auto results = std::make_shared<values_t>();
+ if (!size) PROMISE_ERR_MISMATCH_TYPE;
+ results->resize(*size);
+ return promise_t([=] (promise_t npm) {
+ size_t idx = 0;
+ for (const auto &pm: promise_list) {
+ pm.then(function<pm_any_t(pm_any_t)>(
+ [results, size, idx, npm](pm_any_t result) {
+ (*results)[idx] = result;
+ if (!--(*size))
+ npm.resolve(*results);
+ return none;
+ }), function<pm_any_t(pm_any_t)>(
+ [npm, size](pm_any_t reason) {
+ npm.reject(reason);
+ return none;
+ }));
+ idx++;
+ }
+ });
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ inline void promise_t::resolve(T result) const { ptr->resolve(result); }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ inline void promise_t::reject(T reason) const { ptr->reject(reason); }
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F, typename R_, typename R>
+ inline promise_t promise_t::then(function<F_(pm_any_t)> fulfilled_callback,
+ function<R_(pm_any_t)> rejected_callback) const {
+ return ptr->then(fulfilled_callback, rejected_callback);
+ }
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F>
+ inline promise_t promise_t::then(function<F_(pm_any_t)> fulfilled_callback) const {
+ return ptr->then(fulfilled_callback);
+ }
+
+ template<typename R_, typename R>
+ inline promise_t promise_t::fail(function<R_(pm_any_t)> rejected_callback) const {
+ return ptr->fail(rejected_callback);
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ struct callback_type_conversion {
+ using type = pm_any_t;
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ struct callback_type_conversion<promise_t> {
+ using type = promise_t;
+ };
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F>
+ inline promise_t promise_t::then(function<F_(F)> on_fulfilled) const {
+ using ret_type = typename callback_type_conversion<F_>::type;
+ return ptr->then(function<ret_type(pm_any_t)>(
+ [on_fulfilled](pm_any_t _result) {
+ try {
+ return ret_type(on_fulfilled(std::any_cast<F>(_result)));
+ } catch (std::bad_any_cast e) { PROMISE_ERR_MISMATCH_TYPE; }
+ }));
+ }
+
+ template<typename F_, typename F, typename R_, typename R>
+ inline promise_t promise_t::then(function<F_(F)> on_fulfilled,
+ function<R_(R)> on_rejected) const {
+ using fulfill_ret_type = typename callback_type_conversion<F_>::type;
+ using reject_ret_type = typename callback_type_conversion<R_>::type;
+ return ptr->then(function<fulfill_ret_type(pm_any_t)>(
+ [on_fulfilled](pm_any_t _result) {
+ try {
+ return fulfill_ret_type(on_fulfilled(std::any_cast<F>(_result)));
+ } catch (std::bad_any_cast e) { PROMISE_ERR_MISMATCH_TYPE; }
+ }), function<fulfill_ret_type(pm_any_t)>(
+ [on_rejected](pm_any_t _reason) {
+ try {
+ return reject_ret_type(on_rejected(std::any_cast<R>(_reason)));
+ } catch (std::bad_any_cast e) { PROMISE_ERR_MISMATCH_TYPE; }
+ }));
+ }
+
+ template<typename R_, typename R>
+ inline promise_t promise_t::fail(function<R_(R)> on_rejected) const {
+ using ret_type = typename callback_type_conversion<R_>::type;
+ return ptr->fail(function<ret_type(pm_any_t)>(
+ [on_rejected](pm_any_t _reason) {
+ try {
+ return ret_type(on_rejected(std::any_cast<R>(_reason)));
+ } catch (std::bad_any_cast e) { PROMISE_ERR_MISMATCH_TYPE; }
+ }));
+ }
+}
+#endif