init

1 files changed, 239 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/luaT/README.md b/luaT/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e9cf0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/luaT/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+<a name="luat.dok"/>
+# Lua Torch C API #
+
+luaT provides an API to interface Lua and C in Torch packages. It defines a
+concept of _classes_ to Lua for Torch, and provides a mechanism to easily
+handle these Lua classes from C.
+
+It additionally provides few functions that `luaL` should have defined, and
+defines several functions similar to `luaL` ones for better type error printing when using
+`luaT` classes.
+
+<a name="luat.memory.dok"/>
+## Memory functions ##
+
+Classical memory allocation functions which generate a Lua error in case of
+problem.
+
+<a name="luaT_alloc"/>
+### void* luaT_alloc(lua_State *L, long size) ###
+
+Allocates `size` bytes, and return a pointer on the allocated
+memory. A Lua error will be generated if running out of memory.
+
+<a name="luaT_realloc"/>
+### void* luaT_realloc(lua_State *L, void *ptr, long size) ###
+
+Realloc `ptr` to `size` bytes. `ptr` must have been previously
+allocated with [luaT_alloc](#luaT_alloc) or
+[luaT_realloc](#luaT_realloc), or the C `malloc` or `realloc`
+functions. A Lua error will be generated if running out of memory.
+
+<a name="luaT_free"/>
+### void luaT_free(lua_State *L, void *ptr) ###
+
+Free memory allocated at address `ptr`. The memory must have been
+previously allocated with [luaT_alloc](#luaT_alloc) or
+[luaT_realloc](#luaT_realloc), or the C `malloc` or `realloc`
+functions.
+
+<a name="luat.classcreate"/>
+## Class creation and basic handling ##
+
+A `luaT` class is basically either a Lua _table_ or _userdata_ with
+an appropriate _metatable_. This appropriate metatable is created with
+[luaT_newmetatable](#luaT_newmetatable). Contrary to luaL userdata
+functions, luaT mechanism handles inheritance. If the class inherit from
+another class, then the metatable will itself have a metatable
+corresponding to the _parent metatable_: the metatables are cascaded
+according to the class inheritance. Multiple inheritance is not supported.
+
+<a name="luat.operatoroverloading"/>
+### Operator overloading ###
+
+The metatable of a `luaT` object contains `Lua` operators like
+`__index`, `__newindex`, `__tostring`, `__add`
+(etc...). These operators will respectively look for `__index__`,
+`__newindex__`, `__tostring__`, `__add__` (etc...) in the
+metatable. If found, the corresponding function or value will be returned,
+else a Lua error will be raised.
+
+If one wants to provide `__index__` or `__newindex__` in the
+metaclass, these operators must follow a particular scheme:
+
+  * `__index__` must either return a value _and_ `true` or return `false` only. In the first case, it means `__index__` was able to handle the given argument (for e.g., the type was correct). The second case means it was not able to do anything, so `__index` in the root metatable can then try to see if the metaclass contains the required value.
+
+  * `__newindex__` must either return `true` or `false`. As for `__index__`, `true` means it could handle the argument and `false` not. If not, the root metatable `__newindex` will then raise an error if the object was a userdata, or apply a rawset if the object was a Lua table.
+
+Other metaclass operators like `__tostring__`, `__add__`, etc... do not have any particular constraint.
+
+<a name="luat_newmetatable"/>
+### const char* luaT_newmetatable(lua_State *L, const char *tname, const char *parenttname, lua_CFunction constructor, lua_CFunction destructor, lua_CFunction factory) ###
+
+This function creates a new metatable, which is the Lua way to define a new
+object class. As for `luaL_newmetatable`, the metatable is registered in
+the Lua registry table, with the key `tname`. In addition, `tname` is
+also registered in the Lua registry, with the metatable as key (the
+typename of a given object can be thus easily retrieved).
+
+The class name `tname` must be of the form `modulename.classname`. The module name
+If not NULL, `parenttname` must be a valid typename corresponding to the
+parent class of the new class.
+
+If not NULL, `constructor`, a function `new` will be added to the metatable, pointing to this given function. The constructor might also
+be called through `modulename.classname()`, which is an alias setup by `luaT_metatable`.
+
+If not NULL, `destructor` will be called when garbage collecting the object.
+
+If not NULL, `factory` must be a Lua C function creating an empty object
+instance of the class. This functions are used in Torch for serialization.
+
+Note that classes can be partly defined in C and partly defined in Lua:
+once the metatable is created in C, it can be filled up with additional
+methods in Lua.
+
+The return value is the value returned by [luaT_typenameid](#luat_typenameid).
+
+<a name="luat_pushmetatable"/>
+### int luaT_pushmetatable(lua_State *L, const name *tname) ###
+
+Push the metatable with type name `tname` on the stack, it `tname` is a
+valid Torch class name (previously registered with luaT_newmetatable).
+
+On success, returns 1. If `tname` is invalid, nothing is pushed and it
+returns 0.
+
+<a name="luat_typenameid"/>
+### const char* luaT_typenameid(lua_State *L, const char *tname) ###
+
+If `tname` is a valid Torch class name, then returns a unique string (the
+contents will be the same than `tname`) pointing on the string registered
+in the Lua registry. This string is thus valid as long as Lua is
+running. The returned string shall not be freed.
+
+If `tname` is an invalid class name, returns NULL.
+
+<a name="luat_typename"/>
+### const char* luaT_typename(lua_State *L, int ud) ###
+
+Returns the typename of the object at index `ud` on the stack. If it is
+not a valid Torch object, returns NULL.
+
+<a name="luat_pushudata"/>
+### void luaT_pushudata(lua_State *L, void *udata, const char *tname) ###
+
+Given a C structure `udata`, push a userdata object on the stack with
+metatable corresponding to `tname`. Obviously, `tname` must be a valid
+Torch name registered with [luaT_newmetatable](#luat_newmetatable).
+
+<a name="luat_toudata"/>
+### void *luaT_toudata(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) ###
+
+Returns a pointer to the original C structure previously pushed on the
+stack with [luaT_pushudata](#luat_pushudata), if the object at index
+`ud` is a valid Torch class name. Returns NULL otherwise.
+
+<a name="luat_isudata"/>
+### int luaT_isudata(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) ###
+
+Returns 1 if the object at index `ud` on the stack is a valid Torch class name `tname`.
+Returns 0 otherwise.
+
+<a name="luat_getfield"/>
+### Checking fields of a table ###
+
+This functions check that the table at the given index `ud` on the Lua
+stack has a field named `field`, and that it is of the specified type.
+These function raises a Lua error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_getfieldcheckudata"/>
+## void *luaT_getfieldcheckudata(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *field, const char *tname) ##
+
+Checks that the field named `field` of the table at index `ud` is a
+Torch class name `tname`.  Returns the pointer of the C structure
+previously pushed on the stack with [luaT_pushudata](#luat_pushudata) on
+success. The function raises a Lua error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_getfieldchecklightudata"/>
+## void *luaT_getfieldchecklightudata(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *field) ##
+
+Checks that the field named `field` of the table at index `ud` is a
+lightuserdata.  Returns the lightuserdata pointer on success. The function
+raises a Lua error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_getfieldcheckint"/>
+## int luaT_getfieldcheckint(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *field) ##
+
+Checks that the field named `field` of the table at index `ud` is an
+int. Returns the int value pointer on success. The function raises a Lua
+error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_getfieldcheckstring"/>
+## const char* luaT_getfieldcheckstring(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *field) ##
+
+Checks that the field named `field` of the table at index `ud` is a
+string. Returns a pointer to the string on success. The function raises a
+Lua error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_getfieldcheckboolean"/>
+## int luaT_getfieldcheckboolean(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *field) ##
+
+Checks that the field named `field` of the table at index `ud` is a
+boolean. On success, returns 1 if the boolean is `true`, 0 if it is
+`false`. The function raises a Lua error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_getfieldchecktable"/>
+## void luaT_getfieldchecktable(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *field) ##
+
+Checks that the field named `field` of the table at index `ud` is a
+table. On success, push the table on the stack. The function raises a Lua
+error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_typerror"/>
+### int luaT_typerror(lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) ###
+
+Raises a `luaL_argerror` (and returns its value), claiming that the
+object at index `ud` on the stack is not of type `tname`. Note that
+this function does not check the type, it only raises an error.
+
+<a name="luat_checkboolean"/>
+### int luaT_checkboolean(lua_State *L, int ud) ###
+
+Checks that the value at index `ud` is a boolean. On success, returns 1
+if the boolean is `true`, 0 if it is `false`. The function raises a Lua
+error on failure.
+
+<a name="luat_optboolean"/>
+### int luaT_optboolean(lua_State *L, int ud, int def) ###
+
+Checks that the value at index `ud` is a boolean. On success, returns 1
+if the boolean is `true`, 0 if it is `false`. If there is no value at
+index `ud`, returns `def`. In any other cases, raises an error.
+
+<a name="luat_registeratname"/>
+### void luaT_registeratname(lua_State *L, const struct luaL_Reg *methods, const char *name) ###
+
+This function assume a table is on the stack. It creates a table field
+`name` in the table (if this field does not exist yet), and fill up
+`methods` in this table field.
+
+<a name="luat_classrootname"/>
+### const char *luaT_classrootname(const char *tname) ###
+
+Assuming `tname` is of the form `modulename.classname`, returns
+`classname`. The returned value shall not be freed. It is a pointer
+inside `tname` string.
+
+<a name="luat_classmodulename"/>
+### const char *luaT_classmodulename(const char *tname) ###
+
+Assuming `tname` is of the form `modulename.classname`, returns
+`modulename`. The returned value shall not be freed. It is valid until the
+next call to `luaT_classrootname`.
+
+<a name="luat_stackdump"/>
+### void luaT_stackdump(lua_State *L) ###
+
+This function print outs the state of the Lua stack. It is useful for debug
+purposes.
+