// Copyright 2016 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package rpc
import (
"bufio"
"container/list"
"context"
crand "crypto/rand"
"encoding/binary"
"encoding/hex"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"math/rand"
"reflect"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
)
var (
// ErrNotificationsUnsupported is returned when the connection doesn't support notifications
ErrNotificationsUnsupported = errors.New("notifications not supported")
// ErrNotificationNotFound is returned when the notification for the given id is not found
ErrSubscriptionNotFound = errors.New("subscription not found")
)
var globalGen = randomIDGenerator()
// ID defines a pseudo random number that is used to identify RPC subscriptions.
type ID string
// NewID returns a new, random ID.
func NewID() ID {
return globalGen()
}
// randomIDGenerator returns a function generates a random IDs.
func randomIDGenerator() func() ID {
seed, err := binary.ReadVarint(bufio.NewReader(crand.Reader))
if err != nil {
seed = int64(time.Now().Nanosecond())
}
var (
mu sync.Mutex
rng = rand.New(rand.NewSource(seed))
)
return func() ID {
mu.Lock()
defer mu.Unlock()
id := make([]byte, 16)
rng.Read(id)
return encodeID(id)
}
}
func encodeID(b []byte) ID {
id := hex.EncodeToString(b)
id = strings.TrimLeft(id, "0")
if id == "" {
id = "0" // ID's are RPC quantities, no leading zero's and 0 is 0x0.
}
return ID("0x" + id)
}
type notifierKey struct{}
// NotifierFromContext returns the Notifier value stored in ctx, if any.
func NotifierFromContext(ctx context.Context) (*Notifier, bool) {
n, ok := ctx.Value(notifierKey{}).(*Notifier)
return n, ok
}
// Notifier is tied to a RPC connection that supports subscriptions.
// Server callbacks use the notifier to send notifications.
type Notifier struct {
h *handler
namespace string
mu sync.Mutex
sub *Subscription
buffer []json.RawMessage
callReturned bool
activated bool
}
// CreateSubscription returns a new subscription that is coupled to the
// RPC connection. By default subscriptions are inactive and notifications
// are dropped until the subscription is marked as active. This is done
// by the RPC server after the subscription ID is send to the client.
func (n *Notifier) CreateSubscription() *Subscription {
n.mu.Lock()
defer n.mu.Unlock()
if n.sub != nil {
panic("can't create multiple subscriptions with Notifier")
} else if n.callReturned {
panic("can't create subscription after subscribe call has returned")
}
n.sub = &Subscription{ID: n.h.idgen(), namespace: n.namespace, err: make(chan error, 1)}
return n.sub
}
// Notify sends a notification to the client with the given data as payload.
// If an error occurs the RPC connection is closed and the error is returned.
func (n *Notifier) Notify(id ID, data interface{}) error {
enc, err := json.Marshal(data)
if err != nil {
return err
}
n.mu.Lock()
defer n.mu.Unlock()
if n.sub == nil {
panic("can't Notify before subscription is created")
} else if n.sub.ID != id {
panic("Notify with wrong ID")
}
if n.activated {
return n.send(n.sub, enc)
}
n.buffer = append(n.buffer, enc)
return nil
}
// Closed returns a channel that is closed when the RPC connection is closed.
// Deprecated: use subscription error channel
func (n *Notifier) Closed() <-chan interface{} {
return n.h.conn.Closed()
}
// takeSubscription returns the subscription (if one has been created). No subscription can
// be created after this call.
func (n *Notifier) takeSubscription() *Subscription {
n.mu.Lock()
defer n.mu.Unlock()
n.callReturned = true
return n.sub
}
// acticate is called after the subscription ID was sent to client. Notifications are
// buffered before activation. This prevents notifications being sent to the client before
// the subscription ID is sent to the client.
func (n *Notifier) activate() error {
n.mu.Lock()
defer n.mu.Unlock()
for _, data := range n.buffer {
if err := n.send(n.sub, data); err != nil {
return err
}
}
n.activated = true
return nil
}
func (n *Notifier) send(sub *Subscription, data json.RawMessage) error {
params, _ := json.Marshal(&subscriptionResult{ID: string(sub.ID), Result: data})
ctx := context.Background()
return n.h.conn.Write(ctx, &jsonrpcMessage{
Version: vsn,
Method: n.namespace + notificationMethodSuffix,
Params: params,
})
}
// A Subscription is created by a notifier and tight to that notifier. The client can use
// this subscription to wait for an unsubscribe request for the client, see Err().
type Subscription struct {
ID ID
namespace string
err chan error // closed on unsubscribe
}
// Err returns a channel that is closed when the client send an unsubscribe request.
func (s *Subscription) Err() <-chan error {
return s.err
}
// MarshalJSON marshals a subscription as its ID.
func (s *Subscription) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
return json.Marshal(s.ID)
}
// ClientSubscription is a subscription established through the Client's Subscribe or
// EthSubscribe methods.
type ClientSubscription struct {
client *Client
etype reflect.Type
channel reflect.Value
namespace string
subid string
in chan json.RawMessage
quitOnce sync.Once // ensures quit is closed once
quit chan struct{} // quit is closed when the subscription exits
errOnce sync.Once // ensures err is closed once
err chan error
}
func newClientSubscription(c *Client, namespace string, channel reflect.Value) *ClientSubscription {
sub := &ClientSubscription{
client: c,
namespace: namespace,
etype: channel.Type().Elem(),
channel: channel,
quit: make(chan struct{}),
err: make(chan error, 1),
in: make(chan json.RawMessage),
}
return sub
}
// Err returns the subscription error channel. The intended use of Err is to schedule
// resubscription when the client connection is closed unexpectedly.
//
// The error channel receives a value when the subscription has ended due
// to an error. The received error is nil if Close has been called
// on the underlying client and no other error has occurred.
//
// The error channel is closed when Unsubscribe is called on the subscription.
func (sub *ClientSubscription) Err() <-chan error {
return sub.err
}
// Unsubscribe unsubscribes the notification and closes the error channel.
// It can safely be called more than once.
func (sub *ClientSubscription) Unsubscribe() {
sub.quitWithError(nil, true)
sub.errOnce.Do(func() { close(sub.err) })
}
func (sub *ClientSubscription) quitWithError(err error, unsubscribeServer bool) {
sub.quitOnce.Do(func() {
// The dispatch loop won't be able to execute the unsubscribe call
// if it is blocked on deliver. Close sub.quit first because it
// unblocks deliver.
close(sub.quit)
if unsubscribeServer {
sub.requestUnsubscribe()
}
if err != nil {
if err == ErrClientQuit {
err = nil // Adhere to subscription semantics.
}
sub.err <- err
}
})
}
func (sub *ClientSubscription) deliver(result json.RawMessage) (ok bool) {
select {
case sub.in <- result:
return true
case <-sub.quit:
return false
}
}
func (sub *ClientSubscription) start() {
sub.quitWithError(sub.forward())
}
func (sub *ClientSubscription) forward() (err error, unsubscribeServer bool) {
cases := []reflect.SelectCase{
{Dir: reflect.SelectRecv, Chan: reflect.ValueOf(sub.quit)},
{Dir: reflect.SelectRecv, Chan: reflect.ValueOf(sub.in)},
{Dir: reflect.SelectSend, Chan: sub.channel},
}
buffer := list.New()
defer buffer.Init()
for {
var chosen int
var recv reflect.Value
if buffer.Len() == 0 {
// Idle, omit send case.
chosen, recv, _ = reflect.Select(cases[:2])
} else {
// Non-empty buffer, send the first queued item.
cases[2].Send = reflect.ValueOf(buffer.Front().Value)
chosen, recv, _ = reflect.Select(cases)
}
switch chosen {
case 0: // <-sub.quit
return nil, false
case 1: // <-sub.in
val, err := sub.unmarshal(recv.Interface().(json.RawMessage))
if err != nil {
return err, true
}
if buffer.Len() == maxClientSubscriptionBuffer {
return ErrSubscriptionQueueOverflow, true
}
buffer.PushBack(val)
case 2: // sub.channel<-
cases[2].Send = reflect.Value{} // Don't hold onto the value.
buffer.Remove(buffer.Front())
}
}
}
func (sub *ClientSubscription) unmarshal(result json.RawMessage) (interface{}, error) {
val := reflect.New(sub.etype)
err := json.Unmarshal(result, val.Interface())
return val.Elem().Interface(), err
}
func (sub *ClientSubscription) requestUnsubscribe() error {
var result interface{}
return sub.client.Call(&result, sub.namespace+unsubscribeMethodSuffix, sub.subid)
}